eruption definition: 1. an occasion when a volcano explodes, and flames and rocks come out of it; (of a volcano) the act…. Definition: A volcanic eruption occurs when magma is released from a volcano. The eruption also created a large caldera nearly 3 miles (4.5 km) across and a half-mile (nearly 1 km) deep at the mountain's summit. A smaller eruption cloud (bottom photograph, lower right) was blown northward by lower-level winds. A good example is the eruptions at Hawaii’s volcanoes. Rocks, lava and ash are built across the volcanic vent with every eruption. Some volcanoes may exhibit only one characteristic type of eruption during a period of activity, while others may display an entire sequence of types all in one eruptive series. Volcanic Ash Forecast Transport And Dispersion, Volcanic Legacy Scenic Byway - California. Usage Examples. The conditions change dramatically from the crust in the mantle location. We need to understand the Earth’s structure to know how volcanoes erupt. Some volcanoes explode. 3. The components within the Earth such as hot lava, rocks, dust when coming out of a volcano in the form of explosion, is known as a volcanic eruption. These are often named after famous volcanoes where that type of behavior has been observed. We use cookies to enhance your experience on our website, including to provide targeted advertising and track usage. Volcanic eruptions can result in additional threats to health, such as floods, mudslides, power outages, drinking water contamination, and wildfires. Volcano, vent in the crust of Earth or another planet or satellite, from which issue eruptions of molten rock, hot rock fragments, and hot gases. Your email address will not be published. When it is under the surface, the melted rock is known as magma and erupts as ash when it comes up. Effusive eruptions produce lava flows, while explosive eruptions produce ash and pyroclastic density currents. eruption in the Definitions.net dictionary. eruption in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Learn more. During a volcanic eruption, lava, tephra (ash, lapilli, volcanic bombs and blocks), and various gases are expelled from a volcanic vent or fissure. Princeton's WordNet (3.50 / 2 votes)Rate this definition: volcanic eruption, eruption (noun) the sudden occurrence of a violent discharge of steam and volcanic material. We don't care how many ads you see or how many pages you view. All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. ‘Others, called volcanic earthquakes, are usually shallower and can be precursors to volcanic eruptions and intrusions of magma.’ ‘Lava flows and smaller eruptions continued for decades.’ ‘The June 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption produced voluminous pyroclastic flows and a major Plinian umbrella cloud during its paroxysmal phase.’ Others are slow-flowing fountains of lava, which is hot fluid rock. A volcanic eruption occurs when hot materials from the Earth's interior are thrown out of a … Pelean eruptions are named for the destructive eruption of Mount … Most volcanic eruptions are caused by tectonic plates moving towards each other, which usually produces violent eruptions. discharge - the sudden giving off of energy. In this piece of article, we will be discussing how and why volcanoes erupt. said Good; "the road no doubt ran right over the range and across the desert on the other side, but the sand there has covered it up, and above us it has been obliterated by some, He, along with Carnegie's Lei Duan (a former student from Zhejiang University), Long Cao of Zhejiang University, and Govindasamy Bala of the Indian Institute of Science, set out to compare the effects on the climate of a, The Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA) confirmed on Thursday that it has tracked the Filipino national living near the, Summary: Guatemala City [Guatemala], June 4 (ANI): The death toll in Guatemala's Fuego, When Hawaii's Kilauea volcano began actively spewing lava and poisonous gases in early May, it was only the latest episode in a, A single volcano can change the world's atmosphere, even permanently, depending on the intensity of the, Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary, the webmaster's page for free fun content, Volcano eruption in Japan causes flow of ashes, extremely hot gases, Filipino living near Indonesia volcano eruption site safe - DFA, Death toll rises to 25 in Guatemala's volcanic eruption, A single volcano can change world's atmosphere-expert. the sudden giving off of energy. If the lava is extremely thick, it is capable of building up in the volcano and explode, known as lava domes. Volcano Eruption Volcanoes are ruptures in the crust of our planet Earth that allow hot gases, molten lava and some rock fragments to erupt by opening and exposing the magma inside. Since magma is lighter than surrounding rock, it floats up towards the surface and seeks out cracks and weakness in the mantle. Type of: discharge. Unlike most online dictionaries, we want you to find your word's meaning quickly. Volcanic eruption -cyclicity is the whole of erupted materials, inside volcanic structures, which are generated during one volcanic activity period, and is generally formed through the erupted volcanic rocks overlaid from several edifices and sedimentary rocks between different volcanic edifices. How to use volcano in a sentence. At the top lies the lithosphere, being the outermost layer that consists of the upper crust and mantle. Geology. Several types of volcanic eruptions have been distinguished by volcanologists. volcanic eruption volcanic eruptions. Volcanoes are described as active (in eruption), dormant (not erupting at the present time), or extinct (having ceased eruption; no longer active). the "volcanic eruption" family. In this piece of article, we will be discussing how and why volcanoes erupt. A Vulcanian eruption is a short, violent, relatively small explosion of viscous magma (usually andesite, dacite, or rhyolite).This type of eruption results from the fragmentation and explosion of a plug of lava in a volcanic conduit, or from the rupture of … The thickness of the crust ranges from 10km to 100km in mountainous locations and mainly consists of silicate rock. The volcanic ash and gas injected into the atmosphere obscured the sun and increased the reflectivity of Earth, cooling its surface and causing what's known as the year without a summer. Volcanic eruptions can be quite calm and effusive, or they can be explosive. Your email address will not be published. These include upper mantle, that ranges between 8 – 35 km to 410 km; transition zone ranges from 400 to 660 km; lower mantle lies between 660 – 2891 km. When this type of magma erupts, it flows out of the volcano. Eventually, some magma pushes through fissures and vents in the earth’s surface. 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Learn more. When a volcano erupts, it throws out a lot of hot, melted rock called lava, as well as ash and steam. The effect of volcanic eruptions on humans is both direct—lava flow, tidal waves, mud slides—and indirect—releasing ash that affects the lungs or weather Since it is lighter than the solid rock around it, the magma rises and gets collected in magma chambers. Word Family. something that is erupted or ejected, as molten rock, volcanic ash, or steam. Plinian eruption - a volcanic eruption in which a stream of gas and ash is violently ejected to a height of several miles. The eruption of the Eldgjá in the tenth century is known as a lava flood: a rare type of prolonged volcanic eruption in which huge flows of lava engulf the landscape, accompanied by a haze of sulphurous gases. An explosion can occur from the side branches or the upper part of the volcano. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. https://www.thefreedictionary.com/volcanic+eruption, She gathered up her baby once more; but when her eye fell upon its miserably short little gray tow-linen shirt and noted the contrast between its pauper shabbiness and her own, The unusual spectacle of her busy mother rocking comfortably and reading early in the morning made Jo feel as if some unnatural phenomenon had occurred, for an eclipse, an earthquake, or a. The nature of the eruption mainly depends on the viscosity of the magma. A volcanic eruption is an awesome display of Earth’s power. The lava travels far and generates broad shield volcanoes when it flows easily. the ejection of molten rock, steam, etc., as from a volcano or geyser. Some volcanic eruptions are explosive and others are not. If magma is thin and runny, gases can escape easily from it. Vulcanian Eruption. volcanic - WordReference English dictionary, questions, discussion and forums. eruption. A Pelean eruption is associated with explosive outbursts that generate pyroclastic flows, dense mixtures of hot volcanic fragments and gas described in the section Lava, gas, and other hazards. Also known as the Baitoushan Volcano, the eruption spewed volcanic material as far away as northern Japan, a distance of approximately 750 miles (1,200 kilometers). The video below will help you clearly understand the process of the volcanic eruption. It finally explodes from the peak point of a volcano after reaching the surface. Health concerns after a volcanic eruption include infectious disease, respiratory illness, burns, injuries from falls, and vehicle accidents related to the slippery, hazy conditions caused by ash. Stay tuned to BYJU’S to know more about types of volcanoes, igneous rocks and much more. An opening or rupture in the earth’s surface through which lava, hot gases, and fragments of rock erupt. The Earth’s mantle within the crust is classified into different sections depending on individual seismology. The explosivity of an eruption depends on the composition of the magma. The eruption column rose to at least 18 km above sea level where the volcanic ash and gas were blown west to form a fan-shaped eruption cloud. eruption mean? It may be dangerous if vast amounts of rock and volcanic ash start to erupt. Required fields are marked *. eruption meaning: 1. an occasion when a volcano explodes, and flames and rocks come out of it; (of a volcano) the act…. Noun. 1. volcanic eruption - the sudden occurrence of a violent discharge of steam and volcanic material. Volcano definition is - a vent in the crust of the earth or another planet or a moon from which usually molten or hot rock and steam issue; also : a hill or mountain composed wholly or in part of the ejected material. eruption. These are often named after famous volcanoes where … The pressures rise drastically and temperatures rise up to 1000 oC. Volcanoes, earthquakes: Is the 'Ring of Fire' alight? Definition and characteristics Volcanic eruptions happen when lava and gas are discharged from a volcanic vent. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more. This viscous and molten rock gets collected into large chambers within the Earth’s crust. In fact, most of the time you'll find the word you are looking for after typing only one or two letters. Definition of volcanic adjective in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Several types of volcanic eruptions—during which lava, tephra (ash, lapilli, volcanic bombs and volcanic blocks), and assorted gases are expelled from a volcanic vent or fissure—have been distinguished by volcanologists. Hence, a volcanic eruption occurs and the erupted magma is known as lava. All in the same fraction of an instant, earthquake, tidal wave, "I have it!" Volcanic eruptions often cause temporary food shortages and volcanic ash landslides called Lahar. Meaning of volcanic. When it is too thick, it makes a familiar cone volcano shape. The definitions of volcanic action and volcanic eruption are comparable to the terms as used in standard ISO property policies. Volcanic eruption means eruption, explosion, or effusion of a volcano.All volcanic eruptions that occur within a 168-hour period shall be considered a single loss. Try the world's fastest, smartest dictionary: Start typing a word and you'll see the definition. What does volcanic. (Volcanic eruption influenced Iceland’s conversion to Christianity, University of Cambridge) Adjective a man with a volcanic temper that could go off at any moment Recent Examples on the Web: Adjective Then there were the volcanic eruption weeks, one of which came in Week 13 against the AFC … Definition of volcanic. The most common consequences of this are population movements as large numbers of people are often forced to flee the moving lava flow. a volcanic eruption in which a stream of gas and ash is violently ejected to a height of several miles. It is so hot deep within the earth that some rocks slowly melt and turn into a thick flowing matter known as magma. Information and translations of volcanic. Volcanoes are ruptures in the crust of our planet Earth that allow hot gases, molten lava and some rock fragments to erupt by opening and exposing the magma inside. All Free. 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